| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 10
| Issue : 6 | Page : 281-292 |
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Response surface methodology-based optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of β-sitosterol and lupeol from astragalus atropilosus (roots) and validation by HPTLC method
Perwez Alam1, Nasir A Siddiqui1, Ali S Alqahtani1, Anzarul Haque2, Omer A Basudan1, Saleh I Alqasoumi1, Abdullah A AL-Mishari1, MU Khan3
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2457, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, KSA
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence Address:
Perwez Alam
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2457, Riyadh-11451
Saudi Arabia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.283942
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Objective: To optimize the ultrasonication method for efficient extraction of P-sitosterol and lupeol from the roots of Astragalus atropilosus using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM), and its validation by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method.
Methods: Ultrasonication method was used to extract β-sitosterol and lupeol from Astragalus atropilosus (roots). RSM was used to optimize the different extraction parameters viz. liquid to solid ratio (10-14 mL/g), temperature (60-80 °C) and time (40-60 min) to maximize the yield of β-sitosterol and lupeol. The quantitative estimation of β-sitosterol and lupeol was done in chloroform extract of Astragalus atropilosus by validated HPTLC method on 10 cm × 20 cm glass-backed silica gel 60F254 plate using hexane and ethyl acetate (8:2, v/v) as mobile phase.
Results: A quadratic polynomial model was found to be most appropriate with regard to R1 (yield of total extraction; R2/% CV = 0.994 8/0.28), R2 (β-sitosterol yield; R2/% CV = 0.992 3/0.39) and R3 (lupeol yield; R2/% CV = 0.994 2/0.97). The values of adjusted R2/predicted R2/signal to noise ratio for R1, R2, and R 3 were 0.978 2/0.955 1/48.77, 0.990 4/0.911 0/31.33, and 0.992 7/0.940 1/36.08, respectively, indicating a high degree of correlation and adequate signal. The linear correlation plot between the predicted and experimental values for R1, R2, and R3 showed high values of R2 ranging from 0.990 5-0.997 3. β-sitosterol and lupeol in chloroform extract of Astragalus atropilosus were detected at Rf values of 0.22 and 0.34, respectively, at X max = 518 nm. The optimized ultrasonic extraction produced 8.462% w/w of Rl, 0.451% w/w of R2 and 0.172% w/w of R3 at 13.5 mL/g liquid to solid ratio, 78 C of temperature and 60 min of time.
Conclusions: The experimental findings of RSM optimized extraction and HPTLC analysis can be further applied for the efficient extraction of β-sitosterol and lupeol in other species of Astragalus.
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