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Larvicidal activity of Neem oil and three plant essential oils from Senegal against Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, 1789)
Saliou Ngom1, Raimundo Cabrera Perez2, Ma Anta Mbow1, Rokhaya Fall3, Saliou Niassy4, Andreea Cosoveanu2, Serigne Mbacké Diop3, El Hadji Barka Ndiaye3, Moussoukhoye Diop3, Georges Lognay5
1 Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, B.P. 3120 Dakar, Sénégal
2 Unidad de Fitopatologia, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de la Laguna, 38206 San Cristobal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
3 Département de chimie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, B.P. 5005 Fann, Sénégal
4 Development, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
5 Gembloux Agro–Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Chimie Analytique Department AgroBioTech, 2 Passage des Déportés–5030 Gembloux, Belgium
Correspondence Address:
Rokhaya Fall
Departement de chimie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, B.P. 5005 Fann
Sénégal
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 3 |
DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.221140
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Objective: To evaluate the insecticide, larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oils from Callistemon viminalis, Melaleuca leucadendron, and Hyptis suaveolens against Chrysodeixis chalcites and to compare it with neem oil (Azadirachta indica). Methods: The essential oils of the leaves of these aromatiques plants were extracted by steam distillation and contacts tests were carried out. Results: Essential oils in ethanol from Callistemon viminalis showed a higher biological activity than the neem with 100% larval mortality at the concentration of 2 μg/mL for 6 h, 100% and 90% in ethanol from Melaleuca leucadendron and Hyptis suaveolens, respectively at the concentration of 4 μg/mL for 24 h. By inhalation, the essential oils from Melaleuca leucadendron and of Hyptis suaveolens were more effective with mortality rates of larvae 100% and 50% respectively at 2 μg/L air applied after 24 h. Nevertheless, the neem has shown to be a repulsive plant and anti-nutritional plant. A significant difference in the percentages of consumption between leaves treated with neem oil and the control samples was observed (Newman-Keuls test) except for Melaleuca leucadendron. Conclusions: The results of the study highlight remarkable biocide, properties of tested extracts, which provides important opportunities for the development of biopesticides.
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